Archive for the Inflation Category

Interesting Thing About Interest Rates (November 29, 2010)

Posted in Banks and Banking System, Economics, Federal Reserve, Inflation on November 29, 2010 by e-ssay.org

. . .

K         “It really is hard to get rich when they are paying .000000001 percent per annum interest.”

J          “Unless it is compounded every second.”

K         “We are told that we should save, yet there is no economic incentive.  There is no interest when there is no interest.  Senior citizens who counted on a five to ten percent interest rate for their money to fund their retirements are being flat lined by the flat line interest rates.”

J          “Some of the negative economic impact of the contemporary economic excess is being inflicted on the current generation.  Doesn’t seem unfair.  Although there is more saving, only a thin sliver of the populace is saving because there is no other safe haven for the money.  The money is just parked.  Another problem may be brewing.  The banks are given free money by the federal government and are loaning it at positive but low rates to a few apparently credit-worthy borrowers.  What will happen in three years when interest rates are forced to go up and the rate of return on the current mortgages and deeds of trust is less sexy?  Will the banks try to call the loans early?  I assume the banks will enforce provisions precluding assignment of the obligations to get them off the books as quickly as possible.”

K         “They will find a way.  Some astute homeowners will secure a low interest rate mortgage and use the funds to invest in savings accounts that should start paying substantial interest rates.  That stratagem may be the only way to ride rising interest rates in the safest investments in a broken economy.  With so much money in the system and an unresponsive economy, we will see inflation.  Recent purchases of Treasury securities suggest that the smart money anticipates inflation.  When bread rises to $100.00 a loaf, the attendant changes in the economy will lead to interest on your bread rising from the current 00.001%.”

J          “Inflation will make all the current debt much less of an expense in real economic terms.  Inflation will expunge debt.”

K         “Anyone who saves is spent.”

. . .

Bumper stickers of the week:

Paying the highest rate allowed by law (but nothing is allowed?)

Anyone who saves is spent

Printing Electrons? (December 1, 2008)

Posted in Economics, Federal Reserve, Inflation on December 1, 2008 by e-ssay.org

The Federal Reserve is running the “printing presses” 24/7.  The Fed. issues regular press releases announcing:

Federal Reserve will offer $150 billion in 28-day credit through Term Auction facility [yesterday].

Federal Reserve announces results of auction of $150 billion in 28-day credit held on [yesterday].

Federal Reserve will offer $150 billion in 28-day credit through Term Auction facility today.

Federal Reserve announces results of auction of $150 billion in 28-day credit held today.

Federal Reserve will offer $150 billion in 28-day credit through Term Auction facility [tomorrow].

Federal Reserve announces results of auction of $150 billion in 28-day credit held on [tomorrow].

. . . . . . . . . .

The amount raised and the term may vary, yet the country is burrowing in deeper at a faster rate.

Bumper stickers of the week:

The Trillion is the new Billion.

“A billion [Trillion] here, a billion [Trillion] there, and pretty soon you’re talking real money.”                                        Attributed (perhaps incorrectly) to Everett Dirksen

Deflation? (November 24, 2008)

Posted in Depression, Economics, Gas/Fossil Fuel, Inflation on November 24, 2008 by e-ssay.org

Deflation seems to be the current concern.  Oil, copper and aluminium prices are down dramatically.  When the raw materials go down in price, the finished products should go down in price.  In theory, sort of.  The price of a 250 foot section of Romex wire is now almost what a 100 foot section cost a year ago.  However, prices often are sticky and ratchet down slowly.  Lower prices sound appealing, although deflation does create economic problems among debtors and consumers.

However, the old economic models may not work.  Demand is down because no one has any real money and no one will loan any real or unreal money.  However, credible reports indicate that people need to eat, house, drive, acquire plasma tvs, etc.  The system is awash in unreal money.  However, those who produce goods and provide services are not standing by ready to respond.  They are collapsing.  The world‘s economies and the world Economy are splintered and increasingly disconnected.  If you build it, they may not come.

Gas did not hit $6 a gallon by Halloween; it hit $3 a gallon.  [See the e-ssay dated May 26, 2008 entitled “$4 in June, $5 in July, ….”.]  The momentum for fuel-efficient vehicles has abated and investment in oil-producing equipment and fields has declined.  When the demand for aluminium declines, bauxite is not mined.  In the near future, everyone will compete with pockets full of unreal dollars for scarce goods and services.  Bread at $100 a loaf?  Inflation still seems to be the hidden monster.  The new Weimer Republic writ large.

Bumper sticker of the week:

WIL

Whip Inflation Later

The Economic Numbers Game (May 5, 2008)

Posted in Economics, Inflation, Unemployment on May 5, 2008 by e-ssay.org

“The truth, though it would not exactly set Americans free, would at least open a window to wider economic and political understanding.  Readers should ask themselves how much angrier the electorate might be if the media, over the past five years, had been citing 8 percent unemployment (instead of 5 percent), 5 percent inflation (instead of 2 percent), and average annual growth in the 1 percent range (instead of the 3 – 4 percent range).

. . .

The real numbers, to most economically minded Americans, would be a face full of cold water.  Based on the criteria in place a quarter century ago, today’s U.S. unemployment rate is somewhere between 9 percent and 12 percent; the inflation rate is as high as 7 or even 10 percent; economic growth since the recession of 2001 has been mediocre, despite a huge surge in the wealth and incomes of the superrich, and we are falling back into recession.

If what we have been sold in recent years has been delusional “Pollyanna Creep,” what we really need today is a picture of our economy ex-distortion.  For what it would reveal is a nation in deep difficulty not just domestically but globally.”

Kevin Phillips

The CPI (Consumer Price Index), the benchmark for measuring inflation, underreports the actual prices for necessities such as food and energy.  [See the e-ssay dated July 16, 2007 entitled “Back Door Inflation.”]  The current CPI is “inflation sans inflation.”  The U-3 unemployment figures underreport unemployment, whereas the U-6 figures are more accurate.  The reporters should report the U-6 figures.

Perhaps the government should simply state and the media could mindlessly repeat that there is no inflation and are no unemployed citizens while the economy is growing ten percent every year.  How much less true would these statements be than the current statistics?

“Transparency” is the rage in many disciplines today.  Presenting accurate information and revising all the past information to conform to consistent and reliable benchmarks across time is a positive and long overdue start.

See www.shadowstats.com by John Williams and navigate from there.

Bumper stickers of the week:

73 percent of all statistics are made up on the fly.

Lies, Damn Lies, and Government Statistics.

Disraeli was 100 percent right.

U-6 Not U-3 Unemployment Figures.

[Mildred Loving, one of the plaintiffs who challenged the miscegenation law in Virginia, died today.  See the e-ssay dated March 14, 2005 entitled “’Strict Construction’ Strictly Construed.”]

More Fun At The Fed (December 11, 2007)

Posted in Economics, Federal Reserve, Inflation on December 11, 2007 by e-ssay.org

On September 18, the Fed reduced the FFR (Federal Funds Rate) by .5 percent; on October 31, the Fed reduced the FFR by .25 percent.  The pundits claim that the Fed will reduce the FFR by another .25 or .50 percent tomorrow.

Reducing the FFR results in the injection of even more paper money into the economy.  There are already too many dollars chasing too few goods and services even if those dollars are being hoarded by some skeptical lenders at this time.  The additional money is not going to spur the production of additional goods and services; the production of goods in China and the provision of services by India are responsive to other factors.  The additional money in circulation will only drive up the cost of the available goods and services which means we suffer. . . inflation.  “Price stability” (holding down inflation) was one of Ben Bernanke’s primary concerns in his previous academic writings.  He also studied the relationship between a lack of liquidity and the Great Depression and is aware of the precarious national predicament.

The Economy is threatened.  The decline in the dollar (in relation to the Canadian “Looney” and the Euro and beaver pelts) is having and will have deleterious impacts even though some American exporters benefit.  The gradual transition from the Petrodollar to the PetroEuro is more than symbolic.  The United States government is paying less interest for Treasury bills and bonds, but that may soon spawn less interest among potential investors in the bills and bonds.  Then the United States will need to pay more interest to attract interest.  The low interest rates also discourage what little savings there is in the United States today.  Reducing the FFR is appearing to be a bailout for Wall Street at the expense of other individuals and policy concerns and objectives.

Bumper sticker of the week:

Stagflation Again?

Stagflation And The Fed (September 17, 2007)

Posted in Federal Reserve, Inflation on September 17, 2007 by e-ssay.org

Inflation is rising.  (See the e-ssay dated July 16, 2007 entitled “Back Door Inflation”).  Examples abound.  The standard venerable five (5) gallon container of paint now hauls only four point six eight (4.68) gallons.  The benchmark basket of goods and services used to calculate the consumer price index is getting much smaller.

The housing boom has played out.  Consumers would like to spend more, but they completed thirty years of spending in three (short) years.  The bills are arriving monthly for the next twenty seven years.  Consumers will not be able to consume.  The economy is stagnating and will continue to stagnate.

The economy is in a state of “stagflation” with both inflationary and recessionary pressures.  (See the e-ssay dated August 7, 2006 entitled “The Fed:  Deal with ‘Stag’; Deal with ‘Flation’?”).  This past August 7, the Fed expressed concern about inflation.  Now the concern du jour is recession.  The Market anticipates a drop in the Federal Funds Rate (FFR).  What should be done is problematic and a problem.  The Fed likely will reduce the FFR by .25 to appear to be doing something.

Bumper sticker of the week:

Do something.  Anything.

Back Door Inflation (July 16, 2007)

Posted in Economics, Inflation on July 16, 2007 by e-ssay.org

A half gallon of ice cream is now 1.75 quarts (or 7/16ths of a gallon).  A six pack of avocados is now “Contents: 5.”  However, the prices have not gone down correspondingly.  The “2 by 4” piece of dimensional lumber has not sported 2 inch by 4 inch dimensions for decades, but they are not called 1.5s by 3.5s.  The venerable 12 ounce beer is now 11 or 10.5 ounces (or some fraction of a liter) in some countries.  Imagine the reaction when Joseph Six Pack enters a store and discovers that a six-pack of beer contains only five 11 ounce beers.  There likely will continue to be six or four containers of some size because of design considerations.  The ad types will give it some manly spin.  However, the Interstate Commerce Clause or some penumbral provision in the United States Constitution may prohibit the sale of anything less than a 12 ounce beer in anything smaller than a pack of six.  Perhaps Bobby Bork will bring the law suit.

The government’s figures on inflation do not reflect things on the ground.  Or at the gas pump.  Or in the supermarket.  The government’s “core inflation” figure does not include energy or food prices.  The “core inflation” figure is only insightful if the populace does not drive or eat.  The public policy encouraging ethanol production, which requires large quantities of corn to produce, favors energy over food.  Food prices rise even more.  The trade-off may be desirable, yet it still comes at a cost.  At core, prices are rising higher and faster than the government statistics reflect.

The price of a “Support The Troops” decal is also going up.  The decals may get smaller.

Bumper sticker of the week:

Whip Inflation How?

America the Bankrupt: Economics 210 in the Land of the Freeway and the Home of the Wave (January 17, 2005)

Posted in China, Debt/Deficits, Dollar - World's Reserve Currency, Economics, Housing, Hyperdive Economic Collapse, Inflation, Politics on January 17, 2005 by e-ssay.org

In The Bankruptcy Court For The World

In re the United States of America, )


Debtor.                                                   )  W-06 – _______
_____________________________)

Comes now the United States of America (hereinafter “U.S.A.”) and hereby declares that it is insolvent.  The U.S.A. is unable to meet its obligations and pay its bills and regrettably must . . . . . . . .

When the Euro (E) commands two green backs (GBs) and the U.S. national Debt (D) (not the deficit (the little “d”)) reaches ten Trillion, there will be an uncontrollable economic meltdown in American financial markets.

Imagine if you spent $10 K (10 thousand) a month for 6 months, then your deficit is $10 K a month; your Debt (the total bill; the entire enchilada; the whole shooting match) is $60 K plus interest and growing.  The little “d” deficit is bad; the Big “D” Debt is very Bad.  Never forget the Big D.  In addition, today the total personal debt (including mortgages) of the citizens of America (P) already exceeds ten trillion and continues to grow.  It is only a matter of time.

The numbers are too big, so the government lies.  About both the number and its effects on the economy.  The government unilaterally decides to divide the big “D” figure in the example above (60 K) into two numbers (20 K) and report another acceptable number (40 K) to the public.  The government simply considers some expenses “Off Budget” (20 K) and then reports a smaller “On Budget” number (40 K) as the Big D.  The same accounting gymnastics are applied when the government misrepresents the little “d” deficit and simply states that it is $6 or $7 K a month.  Unemployed accountants from Enron and WorldCom assist in the effort.  However, the foreign investors know the real scores, namely that the deficit is really 10 K and the Debt is really 60 K.

Everyone has forgotten the quadratic equation, but how many citizens realize that a trillion is one thousand (1000) billion or 1 with 12 zeros (1,000,000,000,000.00).  A billion is one thousand (1000) million or 1 with 9 zeros (1,000,000,000.00).  A million is one thousand (1000) thousand or 1 with 6 zeros (1,000,000.00).  These -illions and -illions and -illions of dollars must come from someone’s pocket.  Yours.

Look around.  The Chinese are selling goods to Americans and selling money to Americans to buy the goods from the Chinese.  Okay, it is a little more complex and involves other players and plays.  At core, however, Americans do little more than take money from other countries and give it back to the countries in exchange for their goods and services.

David Ricardo is still right on the money.  He rightfully assumed that everyone has something to bring to the table known as the marketplace.  Comparative international trade theory is premised on every player doing something more efficiently than another player.  The fundamental and growing problem is that America is increasingly not able competitively to produce goods and provide services sought by other countries.  The U.S. will not have a comparative advantage in the production or provision of much in the coming decades.

There is no sound doctrinal economic theory that relates or correlates total personal or national debt with gross domestic product or the trade deficit or other economic factors and measures of performance.  The relationships over time are available for scrutiny.  The lack of any generally accepted theory leaves individual players to determine their own psychological anxiety level and to predict the comfort level and behavior of other players.  At some time, enough will be enough or more than enough.  Most individual foreign businessmen have no quarrel with the current scheme except if their products become far less desirable against comparable American products because of the continuing decline of the dollar.  Collectively the game will collapse when the larger players realize that the return on the investment will never materialize for the players who don’t know when to fold them.  The growing personal debt (P) of the citizenry and the rising national Debt (D) of the country will accelerate the collapse of the dollar.  The declining dollar will retard the decline for a time because foreigners will buy more of the cheaper products and services from the U.S. and ride the closeout sale for a time.  It is only a matter of time.

At some point, few players will be foolish enough to provide or accept devalued dollars in exchange for interest payments also made in devalued dimes or even quarters.  A lender who provides $100 at an expected 5 % interest rate will discover that he will receive devalued dollars and nickels in the future.  At a 20 % devaluation, the lender will receive $80 ($100 x .8) in principle and $4 ($5 x .8) for a total return of $84.  To make something on the deal, the lender will demand a nominal rate of 30 % interest at a minimum.  At a 20 % devaluation, the lender will receive $80 ($100 x .8) in principle and $24 ($30 x .8) for a total return of $104.  He is now a day late and still a dollar short.  To obtain a 5 % rate of return, he must demand 31.2 % interest.  Add in a few more points for uncertainty and even more points to accommodate unchecked inflation.  At some point, the Hyperdive economy will be characterized by what engineers describe as “positive dynamic instability.”  Everything will deteriorate quickly with no effective countervailing prescription.

Monetary policy is the only mechanism to fine tune economic behavior.  When the Hyperdive starts, however, the Fed will not be able to stem the spin even if it raises or lowers the Federal Funds Rate (FFR) radically.   The world market will not respond predictably to the Fed.  In the past, the Fed’s increase of the interest rate usually drove down the supply of money; its decrease of the rate usually drove up the supply of money.  In the new economy, a higher interest rate will attract foreign lenders and repel American borrowers; a lower interest rate will repel foreign lenders and attract American borrowers with their voracious consumption habits.  There is no equilibrium interest rate.  In addition, the Fed can exercise some control of the M1 money supply, but it cannot control the “plastic supply” (P1 ?) that is within the control of the public and is now out of control.  The public can print plastic and confound policy, at least for a time.

This perfect storm has been building for years.  During the run up to the tech and .com collapse in late March, 2000, many tidy sums were earned and those with mutual funds were taxed annually.  When the run up ran down, those who had invested and saved as they were intoned to do were impacted twice.  They certainly did not receive a refund of the taxes they paid on the appreciation of their investments; they did not receive the anticipated return on their now depreciated investments.  Their privately financed retirements were deferred from a few months to a decade or more.  Their taxes had, however, enriched the public fisc.  In Jan. 2001, the outgoing President Clinton and the American people bequeathed that hefty budget surplus to the first appointed president in American history.

The structural problem with the American economy has been exacerbated and accelerated by the Bush economic policies.  The Bush policy to “spend today and tax yesterday and tomorrow” is the most fiscally irresponsible economic policy in American history.  A purposeful and balanced “tax and spend” policy became a “spend and spend and spend” policy.  The phrase “trickle down economics” is one of the few candid terms in American politics; only a little trickles down to the villagers.  Bush engaged in systematic baksheesh by bribing every constituency at every opportunity without shame or regret.  Try to recall a spending bill that he vetoed.  His recent proposed No [Securities Industry Association] Lobbyist Left Behind Act of 2005, the bill to repeal Social Security in stages, is another proposed trillion dollar transfer from the public weal to his private contributors.  Without public resolve to defeat it, the bill will join the No Lobbyist Left Behind Act of 2000, the No Lobbyist Left Behind Act of 2001, the No Lobbyist Left . . . .  He is looting the country not leading it.

The past surplus in the exchequer disappeared first; Bush was able effectively to tax the populace in the past.  Now the future is being mortgaged to finance today’s excesses.  Tax cuts for the rich were the required bribe to his friends and supporters.  Tax rates in the near future, perhaps during the second or third year of his second term, will need to be raised substantially whether Bush likes it or not.  Bush’s statement that he will cut the little “d” deficit in half by 2009 is akin to a promise to add two more lifeboats after the Titanic reaches New York.

The world may realize that collectively it must abandon the dollar as the world’s reserve currency and shift to the Euro to provide some stability during the resulting world economic decline.  Petroeuros.  The Chinese may elect to peg their Yuan to the Euro rather than to the declining dollar.  If and once the Yuan and the Euro represent the same unit of account and store of value, a new currency could be issued to serve as the industrial world’s new medium of exchange.  How about the Mondial?  The new medium could emerge as the currency for a United Centro y Sud America, although unity in that region is increasingly less and less promising.  The U.S. could print more paper and mint more coinage, but few would care.  It will slip from its dominant role in the world economy in the next score years.

If the Hyperdive occurs in late October of 2005, it will effectively undermine any Bush social security deforms.  As the bourse goes bust and the Dow dives to 7000 or lower, even Bush will have a hard time conning Americans into investing in a failed and failing market on their own.  Americans are gullible, but collectively they are not likely to give up an admittedly unpredictable future under the current social security program in exchange for a certain immediate failure.  The transition costs alone of the social security deform may trigger the Hyperdive.  If the Hyperdive occurs in late October of 2006, it may doom Republican re-election prospects in the mid-term election and emerge as the surprise opportunity for the Democrats.  The Democrats are clueless.  Despite a lifetime spent successfully ducking responsibility, Bush probably will not be lucky enough to flee the White House in 2008 before the house of cards collapses; he will blame others.

America may be forced to file a petition in bankruptcy and prepare a workout with its creditors.  Foreign creditors will demand a balanced budget as a condition of continued foreign participation in the American economy.  The most likely plan of reorganization is to require the U.S. to follow the fiscal provisions that govern members of the European Union.  Asian creditors are likely to vote for such a plan because it is based on sound universal capitalist principles.

(E => 2 GBs) + (D => 10 T) + (P => 10 T) =  Trouble.  As noted above, P exceeds 10 Trillion.  The Hyperdive could occur sooner.  Stay tuned.  Film at 11.

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